Electrical and Electronic Measurements

Standards, Measuring Methods, Instruments, Uncertainties

“Measurement is the first step that leads to control and eventually to improvement. If you can’t measure something, you can’t understand it. If you can’t understand it, you can’t control it. If you can’t control it, you can’t improve it.” - H. James Harrington

Electrical and Electronic Measurements

The course "Electric and Electronic Measurements" is dedicated to studying and practicing of measurement of the main electric quantities. The balance in studying this domain is realized between the necessary background knowledge about the physical quantities and the measurement methods based on dedicated measurement instruments and systems, also between the electric, electronic and computer based techniques.

Course info

Credit points: 4

Lecture (hours per week): 2

Laboratory (hours per week): 1

Evaluation of skills or knowledge: written exam

Lectures and laboratories will be held at the Electrical Engineering Faculty, Building E, bd. Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron, nr. 21-23.

Course activities

Lecture: Prof.Dr.Ing. Cristian Zet

Laboratory: Prof.Dr.Ing. Cristian Zet

Scheduled activities

Activities specific to "Electrical and Electronic Measurements" course, in the 2-nd semester, will be held according to the following schedule:

  • Lectures: Thursday, from: 10:00 to 12:00, 4-th floor, Bd. D. Mangeron, 23, Building E, Room "E401".
  • Laboratories: Thursday, 5214 from 8:00 to 10:00 even week, 5215 from 12.00 to 14.00 odd week and 5216 from 12.00 to 14.00 even week, Building E, Ground floor, "Mihai Antoniu" Laboratory.

Course Content

Chapter I

Fundamentals of Metrology

Duration: 6 hours
Content:
Terminology
The measurement process
The measurand
The measurement method
The measuring instrument
The legal System of Measurement Units
Standards
Error estimation and measurement data processing

Chapter II

Signal converters used in instrumentation

Duration: 4 hours
Content:
Voltage dividers
Current dividers
Attenuators
Instrumentation amplifiers

Chapter III

Voltage measurements

Duration: 6 hours
Content:
Voltage direct measuring analog instruments
Voltage measurements using compensation methods
Voltage measurements using deviation methods
Error sources for DC voltage measurements
AC voltage measurements

Chapter IV

Current measurements

Duration: 2 hours
Content:
DC current measurements
AC current measurements

Chapter V

Power and energy measurements

Duration: 2 hours
Content:
Direct DC power measurements
Indirect DC power measurements
AC power measurements
High frequency power measurement

Chapter VI

Resistance and impedance measurements

Duration: 4 hours
Content:
Resistance measurement using deviation methods
Resistance measurement using null methods
Small resistance measurement using null methods
High resistance measurement using null methods
Impedance measurements using null methods

Chapter VII

Digital voltage measurements

Duration: 2 hours
Content:
Characteristic quantities
Integrating AD converters
Non-integrating AD converters
Digital processing of acquired data

Chapter VIII

Digital power measurements

Duration: 1/2 hours

Chapter IX

Digital measurements of time related quantities

Duration: 1 1/2 hours
Content:
Digital frequency measurements
Digital period measurements
Digital phase shift measurements

Lecture notes

Curs 1
Curs 2
Curs 3
Curs 4
Curs 5
Curs 6
Curs 7
Curs 8
Curs 9
Curs 10
Curs 11
Curs 12
Curs 13
Curs 14

References

The following series of references are proposed in order to achieve a more complete transfer of skills and knowledge throughout the length of this course. Be aware! The listed books can also be used to satisfy your curiosity about engineering reliable, uncertainty free electrical measurement systems.

In English
  • A. de Sa - Principles of Electronic Instrumentation, E. Arnold, 1990;
  • van Putten A. F. P. - Electronic Measurement Systems, Prentice Hall, 2-nd edition, 1996;
  • Jones L. D., Chin A. F. - Electronic Instruments and Measurements, Prentice-Hall, 1991;
  • Tse F. S. - Measurement and instrumentation in Engineering, Marcel Dekker, 1989;
  • Wolf S., Smith R.F.M. - Student Reference Manual for Electronic Instrumentation Laboratories, Prentice Hall, 1990;
In French
  • Lang T.T. - Système des mesurés informatisées, Paris, 1992;
  • Paratte P. A. - Systèmes de mesure, Dunod 1986;
In Italian
  • Pisani U. - Misure Elettroniche, Politeko Edizione, Torino, 1999;
In Romanian
  • Antoniu M. - Măsurări electrice şi electronice, vol. I şi II, Ed. Satya, Iaşi 2001;
  • Iliescu C. - Măsurări electrice şi electronice, E.D.P. - Bucureşti 1984;
  • Milea A. - Măsurări electrice: principii şi metode, ET Bucureşti, 1980;
  • Szekely I. - Sandu F.: Circuite electronice de conversie a semnalelor analogice si digitale, MatrixRom, Bucureşti, 2001;
  • Vremeră E. - Măsurări electrice şi electronice, vol. I, MatrixRom, Bucureşti, 1998;
  • Vremeră E. - Măsurări electrice şi electronice, vol. II, MatrixRom, Bucureşti, 2003;
  • Vremeră E., Zet C., Harja C. - Măsurări electrice şi electronice, Îndrumar de laborator, UTI, 1996;

Laboratories

Laborator 1
Laborator 2
Laborator 3
Laborator 4
Laborator 5
Laborator 6
Students can check their laboratory grade and activity here   5214
Students can check their laboratory grade and activity here   5215
Topics for Lab colloquium here

Assessment of Skills and Knowledge

Methodology

Assessment of skills and knowledge gained by attending the scheduled activities of the "Electrical and Electronic Measurements" course is accomplished using the methodology described in the following.

1.Laboratory

Criteria - The skills in the measurements practice, proved by the laboratory forms, filled by every student.

Method - Scoring the laboratory portfolio.

Percentage of final grade: 30%.

Criteria - The capacity in solving the problems in measurement area.

Method - Scoring the measurement problems portfolio.

Percentage of final grade: 10%.

2. Lectures

Criteria - The capacity in writing about any studied subject from the course lessons and laboratory

Method - Mid-term test and final test at the end of course unit.

Percentage of final grade: 60%.

Purpose Mission Main target

The course "Electric and electronic measurements" is dedicated to studying and for practice of measurement of the main electric quantities. The balance in studying of this domain is realized between the necessary background knowledge about the physical quantities and the measurement methods based on dedicated measurement instruments and systems, also between the electric, electronic and computer based techniques. Course specific targets:

  • Increasing the students capacity in understanding the measurement process as an essential link in studying of all phenomena.
  • Developing their ability in investigation and knowing of the reality with small disturbance.
  • To appreciate in a quantitative manner the correlation degree between measured values and true values, the significance of the errors in an experiment and to accept the uncertainties as inherent.
  • The design of the instruments based on electronic devices and tools as well as the understanding and modeling of the instrumentation set-up able to measure electrical quantities.

Skills and Knowledge

20%

Measurement Standards

25%

Measuring Instruments

10%

Measurement Errors

30%

Measurement Methods

10%

Creativity and Innovation

5%

Team Work

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