The British East India Company had recently introduced the Enfield rifle; the cartridge of the new rifle had to be bitten off before loading and the grease was reportedly made of beef and pig fat. They were also influenced by the general fear that their religion was in danger. The policy of taxing lands belonging to temples and mosques lent further support to this idea. One of the important events of Indian history is the Revolt of 1857. They were paid much less than the British soldiers. CAUSES OF REVOLT. This disaffection ultimately led to a mass uprising which we know today as the revolt of 1857. What were the basic and immediate causes of the revolt of 1857? The British, after the Revolt of 1857, decided to concentrate in providing a sound and efficien… The causes include many factors such as Political, Economic, Social, Religious and Military causes. Here we outline the various political and economic factors that helped cause the revolt. As a result, there was an increase in dissatisfaction and hatred against British rule among different sections of Indian society. The revolt of 1857 created a big gap between the different religious communities especially the Hindus and the Muslims as each blamed the other for its failure. Prior to the rebellion, the BEIC had imposed a new law ‘doctrine of lapse’ and the policy ‘subsidiary alliance’, which deprived Indian ruler of their kingdoms . 10. Various reasons has led to the revolt. The rebels seized Delhi and declared the Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar as the emperor of India. All avenues of the promotion were closed to them as all the higher army posts were reserved for the British. He refused to use the cartridges and was subsequently hanged. Reforms such as abolition of ‘sati’, legalization of widow remarriage and extension of western education to women were looked upon as examples of interference in the social customs of the country. Economic Causes: Added to political and administrative distrust for the British East India Company, … Wherein  the sepoys were Indian soldiers who were recruited into the Company’s army. The main persons behind this rebellion were the soldiers [sepoy]. Download for free of cost and get access to video classes, exams and study cards with a single subscription fee. It is considered as the country’s First War of Independence which was against the rule of the British.. The vigorous application of the policies of Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse angered the ruling sections of the society. 6. Who was Governor General of India during 1857 mutiny? Rani Lakshmi Bai and Nana Sahib became bitter enemies of the British and led to the revolt in their respective territories. which angered the local ruler, who had to now live i… A corrupt and unresponsive administration added to the miseries of the people. Causes of 1857 Revolt The issue of greased cartridges and military grievances has been over-emphasized, as the factor for the Revolt of 1857. Assam PSC Junior Engineer (Civil) Screening Test Admit Card, List of 28 States of India and their Capitals and Languages, New Map of India with States and Capitals, List of government banks in India: All you need to know, Kerala PSC LDC Syllabus and Exam Pattern 2020, Kerala PSC 10th Level Preliminary Syllabus 2020. Almost half the Indian soldiers not only did not Revolt but fought against their own countrymen. A group of historians and writers has asserted that the Revolt was the result of a widespread and well-organized conspiracy. It was the first rebellion against the East India Company which took the massive form. But eventually everything took a toll  when the rebellion was contained by British East India Company by end of 1857 and beginning of 1858. May 1, 2018 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment. Samajho All India UPSC Prelims Test Series: https://premium.samajho.com This is a Must Watch video for those who are preparing for any Entrance Exam. The Revolt of 1857 seemed to call the very presence of the British into question, What are the main causes for the Failure of the Revolt of 1857, Controlling in Management # Meaning, Definition, Types, Process, Steps and Techniques. Economic cause: The Great Revolt of 1857 was also an outburst of grievances due to the economic exploitation of the company. This incident, popularly known as the Greased Cartridges Incident, became the immediate cause of the revolt. REVOLT OF 1857 Causes of the revolt of 1857 These are broadly categorized into four parts: Political causes: LORD DALHOUSIE: A. Doctrine of lapse. The revolt of 1857 was a landmark event in the history of India. As the Hindus consider the cow sacred and the Muslims do not eat pit’s meat, both these communities were enraged at such a blatant attempt to harm their religion. Our mission is to liberate knowledge. Its cartridges were covered with a greased paper cover. The revolutionary leader who conducted guerrilla warfare against British during 1857 revolt? Also the British East India Company had abandoned its policy of non-interference in the social and religious life of the Indians. This seems to have been a very important reason for the spread of the rebellion, Heavy taxation and land annexations by the British East Indian Company (BEIC) led to a large number of peasants losing their land, were another reason  for the uprising. A) Delhi ------------- … The British policy of territorial annexations led to the displacement of a large number of rulers and chiefs. Below listed are few other reasons  that  led to revolt of1857-. It deeply hurt the sentiments of the Company’s sepoys because most of them came from Awadh. Since they worked against the interests of Indian trade and industry, Indian handicrafts completely collapsed and British trading policies destroyed the Indian cottage industry. At this time, the Enfield rifle was introduced in the army. One of the main cause for uprising in several sepoy companies of the Bengal army was because of the  introduction of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle. The revolt was poorly organized with no co-ordination … This was the official beginning of the ‘Great Revolt’. Thus British government passed Government of India Act 1858 on August 2, 1858, according to which the power that the company enjoyed was snatched and a direct rule was established. The era of annexation and expansion ended. It was mainly fought against the biggest East India Company which acted as the supreme power at … The revolt of 1857 was initiated due to various factors which are stated below: Religious & Social Causes – racism or racial discrimination was believed to be a major reason for the revolt of 1857 wherein Indians were exploited and were kept away from mixing with Europeans. Also these were seen as steps towards forced conversion to Christianity. Revolt of 1857 is known as the biggest revolt by Indians against the foreigners, forcing them to leave our motherland India. Causes for the failure of Revolt 1857. The order that forbade the sepoys from wearing caste and sectarian marks hurt their sentiments deeply. Revolt of 1857 : History, Causes, Effects, Outcome. This  uprising rebellion posed a considerable threat to British power and gave Indian’s more hope and strength to fight for freedom. Moreover, even under the new regime, the people of Awadh got no relief from oppression. The Revolt of 1857 is an important topic in almost every competitive exams. Political Causes 3. Indian soldiers formed seven-eighth of the total British troops in India. Find the incorrect match for the centre of the revolt and associated british officer. This Revolt was initiated by the sepoys of the company, so it has been commonly termed as ‘Sepoy Mutiny’. Revolt of 1857 is considered as a watershed movement in history. The EIC returned to being just a trading organization. 3. Who was the first Martyr in the first Indian Independence war 1857? Sepoys had to open the greased cartridge with one’s teeth to load the Enfield rifle. Revolt of 1857 - its causes and effects The causes which caused resentment against the British rule was Economic, Political, Socio-religious and Military. It was estimated that not more than one fourth of the total area and not more than one tenth of the total population was affected. Download Entri & get free monthly current affairs capsule PSC mock tests. Indian sepoys believed that the cartridges were greased with cow and pig fat. Religion 5. The British provided no alternative source of employment to the people who lost their jobs due to the dissolution of the Nawab’s administration. PreserveArticles.com is a free service that lets you to preserve your original articles for eternity. In late March 1857 a sepoy named Mangal Pandey attacked British officers at the military garrison in Barrackpore.He was arrested and then executed by the British in early April. Which British officer played prominent role in recapturing Kanpur and Lucknow? On 11 May 1857, they reached Delhi. The Indians, however, developed a deep racial bitterness towards the English and opposed the inferior status granted to them. The rebellion. But, the causes of the Revolt of 1857 remains the same. Entri is the largest exam preparation platform for all Banking, SSC, Railway and State Level PSC exam like Kerala PSC, APPSC, TNPSC, TSPSC in local languages, © 2020 Entri.app - Privacy Policy | Terms of Service. British expansionist policies, most of Raja’s, Nawab’s and zamindar’s, were either dispossessed or became subsidiary to the British 2. As they were … The main impact of Revolt of 1857 was the dissolution of the East India Company(EIC). It is also referred to as “First war of Independence”but ended up in a failure. The strong opposition to the social legislation especially coming from the orthodox elements in both the Hindu and the Muslim community put the British on the defensive. For which he started to use doctrine of lapse. PreserveArticles.com is an online article publishing site that helps you to submit your knowledge so that it may be preserved for eternity. People who made a living by following religious and cultural pursuits lost their source of livelihood due to the withdrawal of royal patronage caused by the displacement of the old ruling classes. Historians like Sir John Seeley called the revolt a mere sepoy mutiny with no popular support and native leadership. Many causes led to the outbreak of Revolt of 1857. Copyright. Artisans and craftsmen were ruined by the large-scale influx of cheap British manufactured goods into India which, in turn, made their hand-made goods uneconomical to produce. It was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against the British officers,  marking the beginning to the end of rule by the British East India company. Examples - Jhansi, Satara, Nagpur, Sambalpur etc seized in this … Then British Governor-General of India, Lord Dalhousie (1848 to 1856) who passed the Widow Remarriage Act of 1856 also passed decrees allowing Hindus who had converted to Christianity to be able to inherit property, which had previously been denied by local practice. This incident sparked off a general mutiny among the sepoys of Meerut. The Revolt of 1857  was a major outbreak but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company. Many Indian Hindus were not happy with legal changes introduced by the British which led to prohibitions few Indian religious customs such as Abolition of Sati (1829), Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856). The Revolt of 1857 was described as ‘The first war of Independence’ by. The self-confidence of the British and their plans for the rapid westernization of India through social reforms were shattered. The administration did nothing to mitigate these fears and Hindu and Muslim sepoys felt their religion was in grave … The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. But it was not simply a revolt of sepoys. The belief that their religion was under threat, united all sections of society against a common enemy. Later in April sepoy troopers at Meerut refused the Enfield cartridges, and, as punishment, they were given long prison terms, fettered, and put in jail. Entri wishes you all the best for your upcoming exams. Economic Causes 2. Disclaimer All the articles you read in this site are contributed by users like you, with a single vision to liberate knowledge. Here, they were joined by the local infantry. When Muslim and Hindu troops learned that the tip of the … The Nawabs of Awadh had always been loyal to the British. Educated Indians were denied promotions and appointments to high office. Enter your email address and spin the wheel. Besides, they had other grievances. On the other hand, there are also scholars who view the Revolt of 1857 as Sepoy Mutiny. He was driven by conviction to bring all the Indian states ruled by local rulers into the fold of British administration. The first soldier to protest against using the greased cartridges was Mangal Pandey. The period after the revolt saw major changes in British policies and in the administrative set-up of India. The social discrimination faced by the Indians due to the British attitude of racial superiority also led to much resentment. An uprising in several sepoy companies of the Bengal army was sparked by the issue of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle in February 1857. 1857 की क्रांति ||Revolt of 1857 history in Hindi || modern history of india in hindi || part 1 - Duration: 14:12. There was diverse reasons like political, economic, military, religious and social reasons for the uprising of revolt against the tyranny of British East India company. Bahadur Shah was arrested at Humanyun’s tomb and exiled to Rangoon where he died in 1862 bringing the Mughal dynasty to an end. Social 4. On 24 April 1857, some soldiers stationed at Meerut also refused to use the cartridges. Subsidiary alliance and Doctrine of Lapsepolicy hampered the interests of the rulers of the native states 3. Under this spurious doctrine, he annexed Satara, Sambalpur, Jhansi and Nagpur etc. On 10 May 1857, these rebel soldiers killed their British officers, released their imprisoned comrades and hoisted the flag of revolt. The annexation was widely seen as a blatant act of back-stabbing by the British. The British deliberately crippled Indian trade and … Another cause of sepoy discontent was the withdrawal of the Foreign Service allowance (‘batta’), which the sepoys were getting for fighting outside the country. Check us for further details. Write a short note on the Revolt of 1857 in India. The Revolt or uprising of 1857 was a valiant effort by disgruntled Indian sepoys to overthrow the colonial power from Indian shores, however, it ended in failure. Stated thal heirs adopted without the approval of the Compay would only inherit the private property of the owner and the territories would be seized by the Company. So also the Act of 1816 which required the new recruits to travel overseas, if needed. Princely states were promised partial autonomy while remaining under British protection. Peasants had to pay even higher revenue and additional taxes were imposed. Indian economy now suffered under the British policies. Discontent and resentment against British rule had been growing among the Indians for a long time. The causes for the revolt of 1987 was can categorized under 1. 5. Indians were agitated with the company because increased tax on land. Only a spark was needed to set the country ablaze. 3. The annexation of Awadh inflamed their strong feelings against foreign rule. That spark was provided by as small a thing as a rifle cartridge. The Indian sepoys were looked upon as inferior beings and treated with contempt by their British officers. You can access full length mock tests and previous year question papers. This hurt all sections of society. The economic policies of the British were mainly exploitative and led to the severe destruction of the Indian economy. On 9 May 1857, they were severely punished for this. The Revolt of 1857 convinced the British the futility of interfering in the traditional socio-religious customs of India. 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