example of polymers and their uses

Polymers can be made to mimic cotton, silk, and wool fibers; porcelain and marble; and aluminum and zinc. Synthetic polymers have a number of uses and are widely used in household products. For example, the poor fracture toughness of ceramics se-verely limits their use for load-bearing applica-tions. 0. Polymers uses up non-renewable resources (e.g: ethane is obtained from crude oil) ... For example recycling plastic bottles to make carpet or car body parts. Thermoforming and thermosetting polymers. They are used as stabilizers, pigments and other components to form plastics. However, their use in other fields of biomedicine has not been as extensive, compared to metals and polymers. Polymers are usually chemically unreactive. Learn different types of Polymerization here. Category: Design and technology. Introduction. Commonly used … Such materials can be sensitive to temperature, humidity, pH, light intensity, or electrical or magnetic field, and can respond in various ways, such as altering color or transparency, becoming … This is a useful property because it means that plastic bottles will not react with their contents. pure isotactic and syndiotactic polymers). Polymers are incredibly diverse elements that represent such fields of engineering from avionics through biomedical applications, drug delivery system, biosensor devices, tissue engineering, cosmetics etc. Ways of Recycling plastic. Learn more about the uses of polymers at vedantu.com. Example: Vulcanized Rubber ( Sulphur is used in cross bonding the polymer chains found in natural rubber) Cellulose acetate (rayon) etc. This aromatic compounds are cyclic in nature but they are unsaturated, and have scent of their own for example Benzede which is used as a solvent. Made up of many smaller units called monomers, which are joined through a process called polymerisation. EXAMPLES- Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Polystyrene and Polymethyl methacrylate; Thermosets:-These are the polymers which undergo permanent change on heating and can not be remoulded into our desired shape. These include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc. In fact, polymer molecules are often hundreds or thousands of monomer units long. 9.4 Synthetic Polymers and Their Uses Polymers Polymer Long-chained molecules with a high relative molecular mass. Thus, the monomer is the repetitive unit of a long polymer chain. Polymers can also make possible products that do not readily come from the natural world, such as clear sheets and flexible films. How a polymer additive is used varies depending on polymer and application. PROPERTIES:- Uses of Polymers - Polypropene has a broad range of usage in industries such as stationery, textiles, packaging, plastics, aircraft, construction, rope, toys. For example, polymers are often used to reinforce fiberglass, to make pipe, and even mixed in with cement to help prevent cracks. This kind of environment may discolor the polymer, impair its properties, and/or impair the durability that is required of a plastics. In the following illustrated example, many monomers called styrene are polymerized into a long chain polymer called polystyrene. EXAMPLES-Bakelite,formaldehyde etc. Polymers make up many of the materials in living organisms, and they constitute the basis of certain minerals and human-made materials, such as paper and plastics. Polyethylene is most commonly used by humans all over the world in various forms such as garbage bags, soda bottles, packaging, containers, etc. On heating their cross links get highly linked with each other and becomes hard and infusible. Elastomer - definition, properties and examples of elastomer. A wide variety of synthetic polymers are also available with variations in their main chains and side chains. The squiggly lines indicate that the polymer molecule extends further at both the left and right ends. the application of polymers and their subsequent composites is still advancing and increasing quickly due to their ease regarding manufacturing. What is an Elastomer? High-density polyethylene is used for drain pipes, water bottles, and containers. Polymer, any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules that are multiples of simpler chemical units. Synthetic Polymers in Everyday Use. Aliphatic polyesters are the most commonly used polymers of this type. Within this lesson students will develop a familiarity of a range of thermoforming polymers, common named polymers, their properties and principal uses. For example, the demand for lightweight parts and vehicles using recycled materials challenges engineers to make "smart polymers" that change their properties according to their environments. The common PET bottles are made of a synthetic polymer, polyethylene terephthalate. Polymers are huge molecules that are encountered in nature as well as in our modern technology. We’ve come a long way from stumbling across polymers to manufacturing them for specific industrial uses. Unlike natural polymers, which are found in nature, synthetic polymers are made by humans. 2] Classification Based on Structure of Polymers. They have many advantages, as compared to the non-conducting polymers, which is primarily due to their electronic and optic properties. The specific application of natural polymers in pharmaceutical formulations include their use in the manufacture of solid implants, films, beads, microparticles, nanoparticles, inhalable and injectable systems as well as viscous liquid formulations2-4. Many types of polymers are also known for their waterproof properties and their ability to stand up to the elements in general. synthetic polymers, example: Nylon, polyethene, polystyrene, synthetic rubber, PVC, Teflon etc. Shape memory polymer composites are high-performance composites, formulated using fibre or fabric reinforcement and shape memory polymer resin as the matrix. Today, most of the cables are wrapped around with polymers of polyethylene for insulation. Starch is a natural polymer that is made up of hundreds of glucose molecules, similarly natural rubber is a polymer obtained from the latex of a rubber tree. The main parameter that can be used for this classification is the type of monomer used in the production of the polymer. Moreover, polymers can be conformed by different kinds of monomers. 0. Responsive polymer-based materials are capable of altering their chemical and/or physical properties upon exposure to external stimuli. For example, the geometry of the structure affects their packing of molecules, hydrocarbons with 2 bonds (triple bond) are linear and pack better than carbons with 3 bonds (double bond) that are trigonal but flat, carbon with 4 bonds (single bond) are tetrahedral which doesn’t pack as well as 2 and 3 bonds (Kotz and Treichel, 2019). In some industries, amino acids are used as additives as animal food. It decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water. Classification of polymers based on their structure can be of three types: (i) Linear polymers: If the same type of monomer is used, then the resulting polymer is a homopolymer. Polythene used for carrier bags and plastics. Many of the useful properties of polymers are in fact unique to polymers and are due to their long chain molecular structure. Polymers have many inherent properties that can be further enhanced by a wide range of additives to broaden their uses and applications. Throughout the lesson students will apply taught knowledge to a worksheet which will form the basis of future revision. This, unsurprisingly, is one of the biggest reasons why they’re so often used within the construction industry. Here are some specific examples of polymers and their common uses. Polypropylene is used for bottle caps, plastic bottles, and plastic pipes. Amino acids; Amino acids are organic compound which contain amine (NH2) and carboxyl (COOH). Synthetic polymers include most of today's plastic materials that one can encounter in their day-to-day life such as plastics used in cars, mobile phones, electrical appliances, packaging material etc. Some of the examples of natural polymers are proteins and nucleic acid that occur in human body, cellulose, natural rubber, silk, and wool. They are derived from petroleum oil and include products such as nylon, synthetic rubbers, polyester, Teflon, polyethylene, and epoxy. Also, they have been used … Polymers can be classified based on various parameters due to their complexity. Resins are any of the chemically modified natural resins or synthetic polymers which are physically similar, including thermoplastic materials such as polyvinyl, polystyrene, and polyethylene, as well as thermosetting materials such as polyesters, epoxies, and silicones. Some examples are given as follows:-Poly β-hydroxybutyrate – co-β-hydroxy valerate (PHBV):- It is derived by combining 3-hydroxy butanoic acid and 3-hydroxy pentanoic acid, in which monomers are cross-linked by an ester linkage. Their findings permitted, for the first time, the synthesis of unbranched, high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE), laboratory synthesis of natural rubber from isoprene, and configurational control of polymers from terminal alkenes like propene (e.g. This organic chemical compounds are the monomers which make proteins. For example, when materials are used at high temperature or exposed to sunlight, as in the case of automotive interior materials, they rapidly degrade during use. These issues will be discussed at length in the next chapter. Their thermal conductivities range from 0.1 to 0.3 W/m K. 54,55 By formulating resins with metal, metal oxide, or inorganic fillers, thermal conductivities can be increased 10-fold or better. Polystyrene is used in packaging. 1 file . Some familiar household synthetic polymers include nylons in textiles and fabrics, Teflon in non-stick pans, and polyvinyl chloride in pipes. Unfilled polymer adhesives are inherently thermal insulators. Appropriate use of polymer additives improve many characteristics such as durability, stiffness, clarity, weatherability, resulting in creating a product that has higher value. Mechanical Recycling: In this process, the plastic is shredded and turned to granules before using it to make new items. book for details). This ultimately decides its desired use. Polyvinyl chloride is used in furniture and clothing and has recently become famous for the construction for doors and windows. A monomer is a molecule that can combine with others of the same kind to form a polymer, you have glucose molecules that can combine to form the polymer celulose. 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