The Mirage IV is a heavy bomber with delta wing conceived for strategic air force. The final assembly location was not determined before this proposal was rejected. Several Nord Noratlas were specially modified, having received the Mirage IV's radar, control consoles, and additional electrical generators, for the purpose of training navigators; these were later replaced by a pair of customised Dassault Falcon 20 outfitted with much of the Mirage IVP's avionics. [51], In July 1984, a contract was formally issued for the upgrade of a total of 18 Mirage IVAs to carry the ASMP missile in the place of traditional bombs; these aircraft were redesignated Mirage IVP (Penetration). It was derived from Dassault's popular Mirage III fighter and spawned several variants of its own, including the IAI Kfir.The aircraft … The archetype of the Mirage IV performed its first theft on June 17th, 1959, as for the first aircraft … What was your most memorable flight in the Mirage IV? Translated by Elodie Rougeot & Owen Dakin, During a low altitude bombing training mission on a seaside range, an engine failure on departure from Solenzara forced me to give the order to abandon the plane while we were at very low altitude over the sea and flying at 600 knots.”. [44] From 1964 to 1971, the Mirage IV was France's sole means of delivering nuclear ordnance. [46], Both flight and grounds crews received training principally by Strategic Air Forces Command 328, stationed at Bordeaux. This task having been delegated to the navigator, the pilot only had the TACAN and the relayed instructions from behind, no visual instruments, only a device controlled by the SNB (Navigation and Bombing System) projected the flight plan onto the globe indicator for the release of the load. In terms of pure piloting, in the classic phases: take off, final approach and landing, ascent and descent, navigating at high and low altitude, this plane was particularly pleasant. [6] This aircraft had a wing area of 77.9 square metres (839 sq ft) and weighed about 32,000 kilograms (70,000 lb)[12] On 4 April 1960, a formal order for 50 production Mirage IVA aircraft was issued. [37] The Mirage IVA could theoretically carry up to six large conventional bombs at the cost of drop tanks and ECM pods; such armament was rarely fitted in practice. Fast & Free shipping on many items! This, BAC argued, could provide a highly efficient TSR.2 replacement aircraft, fully capable of performing the TSR.2 tasks, at a total cost, for seventy-five aircraft … [21] The aircraft, known as the Mirage IV* or Mirage IVS (S for Spey) would be re-engined with more powerful Rolls-Royce Spey turbofan engines with a total of 185 kilonewtons (41,700 lbf), larger (fuselage depth increased by 7.6 centimetres (3 in), had an approximately 0.61 metres (2 ft) forward fuselage extension, and was to weigh 36,000 kilograms (80,000 lb)), and use avionics planned for the TSR-2, although BAC preferred the French Antilope radar. A-B-C-D-E: the type of missions assigned to the Mirage IV did not allow its performance to be assessed in this way. How combat effective was it? Hi guys, this is my Mirage IV A, from Heller. Would have been something to see one fly. It was a French jet supersonic strategic bomber and deep-reconnaissance aircraft. More!”. I’d love to know what the French equivalent of “tin triangle” is. The Mirage IV was of a basic delta-wing design with a single rudder at rear. [13] The three prototype aircraft were built between 1961 and 1963, with first flights on 12 October 1961, 1 June 1962, and 23 January 1963. Mirage IV 01 was now considered as a small scale prototype for the development of the navigation and bombardment system. (YAM) In conclusion and drawing together all the technology, politics and national pride the Mirage … This plane was really revolutionary for a Mirage III pilot.”, Rare, unofficial confrontations with real fighters have shown that it probably would have been a proud fighter, especially with more powerful engines.”. The crew of two sat in tandem in the long and narrow fuselage. ( Log Out /  During the 1950s, France embarked on an extensive military program to produce nuclear weapons; however, it was acknowledged that existing French aircraft were unsuitable for the task of delivering the weapons. How effective was its armament? When fully built up, the force consisted of three wings. ", This page was last edited on 27 September 2020, at 18:11. Overview. High alpha performance. ( Log Out /  These aircraft were designated Mirage IVR for reconnaissance. Jean Copponnex refers to the “secretive world” of “Chasse B”. New York: Charles Scribner's and Sons; 1973. Flying was very pleasant, I would even say it was easy, with flexible and very effective flight controls.”, “Not easy to find… I would say the relative low power of its jet engines, which were especially sensitive in the take-off phase at maximum load. [12] The Mirage IV* was to carry a bombload of up to 9,100 kilograms (20,000 lb). [58] In the reconnaissance role, the Mirage IVP has seen service over Bosnia, Iraq, Kosovo and Afghanistan. [18] Dassault proposed a version of the Mirage IVA with Rolls-Royce Avon engines. here to keep this site going. “We were, in my time, poorly equipped for jamming and countermeasures, there was only the internal system integrated into the aircraft. [23] While the IV* was claimed to meet most of the Royal Air Force (RAF)'s requirements, and to be £1 million cheaper than the American-made F-111K was preferred (only to be cancelled in turn) and the Spey-engined Mirage abandoned. [3], In order to refuel the Mirage IVA fleet, France purchased 14 (12 plus 2 spares) U.S. Boeing C-135F tankers. [7] While being significantly smaller than an expensive medium bomber proposal for the role, the Mirage IV was roughly three times the weight of the preceding Mirage III. The fourth prototype Mirage IVA-04 was essentially representative of the production aircraft that would follow. The Dassault Mirage IV was a strategic bomber developed from experience obtained from the Mirage III fighter. [31], The Mirage IV is powered by two Snecma Atar turbojets, fed by two air intakes on either side of the fuselage that had intake half-cone shock diffusers, known as souris ("mice"), which were moved forward as speed increased to trim the inlet for the shock wave angle. The equipment was completely traditional with conventional flight control and engine control instruments and the same equipment as on any plane. [34] In the event of nuclear war between the major powers, it was thought that there would be little point in having the fuel to return as the host air bases would have been destroyed; instead, surviving Mirage IVs would have diverted to land at bases in nearby neutral countries following the delivery of their ordnance. [6][7][8], For its third flight, on 20 June 1959, the 01 was authorised to fly over the Paris Air Show at Le Bourget airport in front of France's President Charles de Gaulle. [11], With the Mirage IVB considered to be too expensive, the medium-sized Mirage IVA, slightly larger than the first prototype, was chosen for three more prototypes to be produced. [13] A refueling probe is built into the nose; aerial refuelling was often necessary in operations as the Mirage IV only had the fuel capacity, even with external drop tanks, to reach the Soviet Union's borders, thus refuelling was required to allow for a 'round trip'. However, the wing is significantly thinner to allow better high-speed performance and has a thickness/chord ratio of only 3.8% at the root and 3.2% at the tip; this wing was the thinnest built in Europe at that time and one of the thinnest in the world. Mirage IV - Modernization. The Mirage IV shares design features and a visual resemblance to the Mirage III fighter, featuring a tailless delta wingand a single square-topped vertical fin. [3] The Mirage IV also carried three times more internal fuel than the Mirage III. [18] The IVA was one of five aircraft types that were short listed for the role, but the F-111C was eventually selected. It had been planned for this batch to be powered by the newer Pratt & Whitney/SNECMA TF106 turbofan engine. [2] Mirage IVAs also often operated in pairs, with one aircraft carrying a weapon and the other carrying fuel tanks and a buddy refueling pack, allowing it to refuel its partner en route to the target. For very low altitude missions, speed was considered to be sufficient protection, since there was nothing else. The only one that I will describe as memorable is the one described above, that ends … swimming!”, “Over my whole career, and without wanting to insult the Mirage IV, my favourite missions were in the Mirage IIIE. The weapon-related issues were the other. What did you feel about the prospect of facing enemy SAMs and interceptors in the Mirage? During a low altitude bombing training mission on a seaside range, an engine failure on departure from Solenzara forced me to give the order to abandon the plane while we were at very low altitude over the sea and flying at 600 knots. The Mirage IV 01 prototype underwent minor modifications during testing in the autumn of 1959, most noticeably, the tail was enlarged (slight reduction in height, large increase in chord). In the late 1960s, when the threat of surface-to-air missile defences made high-altitude flight too hazardous, the Mirage IVA was modified for low-altitude penetration. Developed by Dassault Aviation, the aircraft entered service … [36], During the 1980s, a total of 18 Mirage IVs were retrofitted with a centreline pylon and associated equipment to carry and launch the nuclear ASMP stand-off missile. A justification of the Mirage IV given by Armée de l'air Brigadier General Pierre Marie Gallois, an architect of the French nuclear deterrent, was that: "France is not a prize worthy of ten Russian cities". The retirement of all reconnaissance-configured Mirage IVPs in 2005 meant that the French Air Force's Mirage F1CRs were for some time the only aircraft capable of carrying out aerial reconnaissance missions. While broadly similar to the model used on the Mirage III, the Atar engine had a greater airflow and an elevated overspeed limit from 8,400 rpm to 8,700 rpm for greater thrust during high altitude supersonic flight. The first flight, as with any single-seater (even if there was in this case an “active passenger”), remains memorable, because it is the discovery that you are in a machine where no one other than yourself can be of any concrete help. [11] The Mirage IVB proposal had been instigated as a response to interest by de Gaulle in ensuring that two-way (including the aircraft's return to France) strike missions could be flown. 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This relatively thinner wing was permitted by the aircraft's greater size and was better suited … The long term replacement for the Mirage IVP was Mirage 2000N aircraft outfitted with a modern PRNG Pod de Reconnaissance Nouvelle Génération (New Generation Reconnaissance Pod), equipped with digital camera equipment. Did Mirage IV crews have to accept much more severe security restrictions than other military aircrew because of its key strategic role, and if so what impact did that have on their everyday life? The first long distance mission, with two refuellings and more than 7 hours of flight. [6][9] Flight 138, on 23 September, corroborated the initial performance and pushed the record on a 500 km closed circuit to an average of 1,972 km/h (1,225 mph), flying between Mach 2.08 and Mach 2.14. The aircraft's aerodynamic features were very similar to the III's but required an entirely new structure and layout. What is the biggest myth about the Mirage IV? [2] Dassault's proposal for what became the Mirage IV was chosen on the basis of lower cost and anticipated simpler development, being based upon a proposed early 1956 twin-engined night-fighter derived from the Dassault Mirage III fighter and the unbuilt Mirage II interceptor. In the late 1970s, the leading role in the strategic forces of France finally passed to ballistic missiles of land and sea basing. When the rockets went out, there was an unpleasant sinking feeling due to the sharp decrease in thrust, but the speed and rate of climb indicators immediately reassured, the aircraft accelerating and climbing.Later, the JATOs were used for demonstrations with light aircraft and without external loads. [8] However, development of the aircraft was ultimately cancelled in July 1959 due to the greater cost involved, a decision having been taken to rely upon aerial refueling instead also being a factor. One of my favorite Cold War jets. [13] Free-falling munitions could also be aimed using a ventral blister-mounted periscope from the navigator's position. All our energies were focused on success. Expand your options of fun home activities with the largest online selection at eBay.com. By 1963, the majority of missions involving the Mirage IV were being planned as low-level flights. (August 2004 Update) David Bushell has been busy working on his series of Mirage IV. For many years it was a vital part of the nuclear triad of the Force de Frappe, France's nuclear deterrent striking force. The study of the performance curves gave precisely the speed at which the pilot had to activate the firing of the rockets on the runway so that the airplane reached sufficient speed in flight for the engines to continue the acceleration. In May 1956, the Guy Mollet government drew up a specification for an aerially-refuelable supersonic bomber capable of carrying a 3-metric-ton, 5.2-metre-long nuclear bomb 2,000 km (without aerial refuelling). [31] Other avionics elements were provided by Dassault itself and SFENA; one of the only major subsystems not of French origin onboard was the Marconi-built AD.2300 doppler radar. At Luxeuil Air Base, located at almost 1,000 feet above sea level, and in summer, the aircraft was at the limit of the performance curves at lift-off. [27] BAC claimed that the British government evaluation into the Mirage IV* was "relatively superficial". No cannon armament was ever fitted aboard the type. "Air Force Tac Recce Aircraft: NATO and Non-aligned Western European Air Force Tactical Reconnaissance Aircraft of the Cold War (1949–1989). [52] In 1975, all Mirage IVs were progressively painted in a new green/grey camouflage scheme. Only takeoff and heavy final approaches involved this configuration. Times are hard so we understand if you can’t afford to support this site. His role within the air force was to assure nuclear dissuasion. Twice the size of the Mirage III, an internal fuel capacity allowing for more than two hours of autonomy, the possibility of flying at Mach 2 for several tens of minutes, refuelling in flight. [38], French President Charles de Gaulle, speaking of the Mirage IV in 1963. The Mirage IV was ultimately not adopted by any other operators. The Mirage IV can carry 12 solid-fuel rockets diagonally down below the wing flaps, for rocket-assisted take off (RATO). Lacking any operational objective in these cases, they were nevertheless very spectacular crowd-pleasers.”, “Having never, during the Cold War, carried out a real operational mission, none of the training missions deserve any special classification. The IVA I knew had only analogue equipment, needle dials.One regret, especially for a pilot used to the Mirage IIIE: the means of monitoring and controlling navigation were limited. [7] Manufacture of both the prototypes and subsequent production aircraft was often hindered by an explicit requirement that there would be no reliance upon foreign suppliers to maintain France's nuclear capabilities; due to this, the Mirage IV initially lacked an inertial navigation system as French industry could not yet produce this device. So, no there was no hesitancy. Sadly the only one I have ever seen is in the museum at Le Bourget. It has two SNECMA Atar turbojets in the rear … Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. In a recent message on the Alphasim forum he included images showing the three different variants: A Mirage IVA armed with the AN-22 Free-Fall nuclear weapon, a Mirage IVP armed with the ASMP stand-off nuclear missile and drop tanks, and the Mirage … Order The Hush-Kit Book of Warplanes here. [2] According to aviation authors Bill Gunston and Peter Gilchrist, the specification's inclusion of supersonic speed was "surprising" to many at the time. [48] The inability for the Mirage IV to return after missions had been a point of controversy during the aircraft's early development. Its engines featured moveable inlet half-cones ("souris / mice") to adjust for different airflow conditions, as well as spring … Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. [3], The final specifications, jointly defined by government authorities and Dassault staff, were approved on 20 March 1957. [53] Various test launches of dummy and later live ASMPs were performed using the Mirage IV as the launch platform between 1981 and 1983. However, the wing is significantly thinner to allow better high-speed performance and has a thickness/chord ratio of only 3.8% at the root and 3.2% at the tip; this wing was the thinnest built in Europe at that time and one of the thinnest in the world. [53][54] The conversion of Mirage IVAs to IVPs involved a large number of modifications and re-workings of the aircraft. [17] This version would have been very costly, and ultimately was not ordered. ", "Aviation Militaire: Dassault Mirage IV. [59], The Mirage IV had been popular with its crews, who found it enjoyable to fly. [10], In order to increase range, studies were made of a significantly larger Mirage IVB design, powered by two Snecma license-built Pratt & Whitney J75 engines and having a wing area of 120 m² (1,290 sq ft) compared to 70 m² (750 sq ft) of the prototype IV, as well as a speed of Mach 2.4 and a gross weight of 64,000 kilograms (140,000 lb). [35], The two-man crew, pilot and navigator, were seated in tandem cockpits, each housed under separate clamshell canopies. Australian Air Marshall Frederick Scherger seriously considered purchase of the IVA in 1961 because it was considered to be proven hardware already in service (in contrast to the BAC TSR-2 which was still in development), before settling on the General Dynamics F-111C. These machines are very spectacular when seen from outside, but so is the feeling inside the aircraft. The Mirage F1 was of similar size to the delta-winged Mirage III and Mirage 5, and was powered by the same SNECMA Atar engine as had been used on the larger Dassault Mirage IV; however, unlike its predecessors, it shared the layout of a swept wing mounted high on the fuselage and a conventional tail surface as used by the F2. Resin Cockpit Sets Mirage IV, Mig-21, Fiat G.91. ", "Tangible Mirages: The Most Successful Family of European Aeroplanes. The Dassault Mirage IV was a French jet-propelled supersonic strategic bomber and deep-reconnaissance aircraft. Feb 1, 2017 - Images and profiles of the Dassault Mirage IV. [13] The improvements featured upon the last 12 Mirage IVs were later retroactively applied to the whole fleet.[16]. This topic is categorised under: Aircraft » Jets » Dassault Mirage IV Date/time Contributor Updates; 12-Dec-2018 20:49: Cobar: Added : 28-Aug-2020 19:04: TB: Updated [Aircraft type, Total fatalities, Other fatalities, Source, Narrative] [citation needed] On 19 September 1960, René Bigand (replacing Glavany as test pilot) increased the world record for speed on a 1000-kilometre closed circuit to 1,822 km/h (1,132 mph) around Paris and the Melun base. Great deals on Heller 1:48 Military Aircraft Models & Kits. AccelerationD. The Mirage F1 was of similar size to the delta-winged Mirage III and Mirage 5, and was powered by the same SNECMA Atar engine as had been used on the larger Dassault Mirage IV; however, unlike its … [50][51], In 1973, it was reported that a force of 40 Mirage IVs would continue to perform as a part of France's nuclear deterrent until the 1980s, and that steady improvements were to be undertaken. It also had an autopilot, much appreciated on long flights. On 31 July 1996, the Mirage IVP was formally retired in its bomber capacity, the nuclear mission having been transferred from the Mirage IV to the newer Dassault Mirage 2000N. [47] By the 1970s, it had become clear that vulnerability of the Mirage IV to air defences, even while flying at low altitudes, had made the delivery of gravity bombs such as the AN-11 or AN-22 impractical. The first real refuelling, where we enter another dimension. The Mirage IV shares design features and a visual resemblance to the Mirage III fighter, featuring a tailless delta wing and a single square-topped vertical fin. [30], The Mirage IV shares design features and a visual resemblance to the Mirage III fighter, featuring a tailless delta wing and a single square-topped vertical fin. Even the cost of a pint a month can do wonders! Sud Aviation and Nord Aviation both submitted competing proposals, both based on existing aircraft; Sud Aviation proposed the Super Vautour, a stretched Sud Aviation Vautour with 47 kilonewtons (10,500 lbf) thrust SNECMA Atar engines and a combat radius of 2,700 kilometres (1,700 mi) at Mach 0.9. First flying in October 1964, the Mirage IV … Developed by Dassault Aviation, the aircraft entered service with the French Air Force in October 1964. “Strategic bomber. [46], The primary objectives of the Mirage IVA force were major Soviet cities and bases. [1] Thus, the development of a supersonic bomber designed to carry out the delivery mission started in 1956 as a part of the wider development of France's independent nuclear deterrent. Note: French Air Force Mirage 4P waiting for take-off approval on the apron at Kleine Brogel, during the photo-call day (2005) and its last time visit to Belgium (prior to retirement). [45], Alert status consisted of an active inventory of 36 Mirage IVs. ES 1/91 Gascogne's surviving Mirage IVPs were retired in 2005 and are conserved and stored at the Centre d'Instruction Forces Aériennes Stratégiques (CIFAS) at Bordeaux Mérignac. [14], On 7 December 1963, the first production Mirage IVA performed its maiden flight. “The finesse of its airframe, which allowed for amazing performance, and its aesthetics (as with most planes coming from Dassault, it must be said).It was perfectly suited to the missions for which it was designed: high altitude and high Mach speeds, and later very low altitude, high speed as well as being able to navigate anywhere on the planet completely autonomously. This prototype was 20 metres (67 ft) long, had a 11 metres (37 ft) wingspan, 62 square metres (670 sq ft) of wing area, and weighed approximately 25,000 kilograms (55,000 lb). It can reach high supersonic speeds: the aircraft is redlined at Mach 2.2 at altitude because of airframe temperature restrictions, although it is capable of higher speeds. [19][20], In April 1965, the British Government cancelled the TSR-2 reconnaissance-strike aircraft. Here is the Dassault Mirage III modeler's one-stop resource for photos, kits, details, and references. This kit is more than 40 years old (1979) and has raised panel, therefore i'had to sand it entirely and re-scribe it. [5] It was considerably more advanced than the Mirage III, incorporating new features such as machined and chem-milled planks, tapered sheets, a small amount of titanium, and integral fuel tanks in many locations including the leading portion of the tailfin. [14], The Mirage IV has two pylons under each wing, with the inboard pylons being normally used for large drop tanks of 2,500-litre (660 gal (US)) capacity. Fas mission prevailed over all other considerations '' with its crews, who it. Guys, this is my Mirage IV was retired from the nuclear of! From Heller a nuclear attack were on permanent Alert and ready for immediate ”. 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